WORKBENCH DOCUMENTATION & TECHNICAL REFERENCE MANUAL

Pinout & Chip Analyzer / IC Quick-Finder

Interactive DIP and PLCC chip visualizer featuring signal direction indicators, bus group highlighting, power/ground rail flags, clickable oscilloscope trace popups, and datasheet links across 76 classic CPUs (6510, 6502, Z80, 6809E, 68000), custom silicon (SID, VIC-II, CIA, Agnus, Paula, ANTIC, POKEY, ULA, 40010), PALs/GALs/PLAs (82S100), DRAM/SRAM, and 74/4000-series logic.

STEP 1 Identify Board & Revision

Open the Machine Hub to confirm your ASSY/PCB revision, IC socket map, and PSU specs.

STEP 2 Check Pinouts & Cables

Verify chip rails in the IC Pinout Analyzer and port wiring in Connector Reference.

STEP 3 Scope Signals & Media

Follow Diagnostic Flowcharts & Scope Traces or inspect disks/ROMs in the D64 Wasm Lab.

STEP 4 Calculate, Recap & Rescue

Size parts with Bench Calculators, order recap BOMs, or use the Rehoming & Donation Portal.

MODULE 01 76 Retro ICs · DIP & PLCC · Live Scope Triggers Interactive Flowchart

Pinout & Chip Analyzer / IC Quick-Finder

Interactive DIP and PLCC chip visualizer featuring signal direction indicators, bus group highlighting, power/ground rail flags, clickable oscilloscope trace popups, and datasheet links across 76 classic CPUs (6510, 6502, Z80, 6809E, 68000), custom silicon (SID, VIC-II, CIA, Agnus, Paula, ANTIC, POKEY, ULA, 40010), PALs/GALs/PLAs (82S100), DRAM/SRAM, and 74/4000-series logic.

INTERACTIVE UI PREVIEW — IC PINOUT & CHIP ANALYZER (MOS 6510 / Z80 / SID) 76 ICs Indexed
Bus Overlay:
Package: DIP-40 (MOS 6510 CPU)
MOS 6510 C64 MPU · U7 Click any pin or bus pill
LIVE PIN INSPECTOR READOUT
Selected Pin:Pin 1 — Φ0 (IN)
Signal Direction:INPUT
Expected Probe Reading:1.02 MHz Clock Input (~2.5V avg)
Interactive Preview: Click any pin or bus overlay pill above to test how the IC Pinout Quick-Finder isolates power rails, bus groups, and expected logic-probe voltages.

Core Capabilities & Coverage

  • Colour-coded DIP-14 to DIP-64 and PLCC-44/68/84 package diagrams with pin-1 notch orientation markers.
  • Signal direction indicators (Input, Output, Bi-Directional Tri-State, Active-Low bar notation) and bus group pills (Address, Data, Control, Clock, Analog, Power/GND).
  • One-click Oscilloscope Waveform Triggers on clock, reset, chip-select, and bus pins comparing healthy signals against common fault states.
  • Bi-directional Machine Hub cross-references showing every retro computer or console mainboard that uses the selected IC.

Step-by-Step Workbench Workflow

  1. 1
    Select Chip Variant or Filter by Machine Hub

    Use the category pills (CPUs & MPUs, Sound & Video, Support & Peripheral, Memory, 74-Series Logic, 4000-Series CMOS) or the Machine Hub dropdown to isolate chips for your target system (e.g., Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, Amiga, Dragon 32/64).

  2. 2
    Search Pin Names, Part Numbers & Aliases

    Type a part number (e.g., 6510, 8580, Z80A, 6809E, 82S100, 74LS245) or a pin mnemonic (e.g., PHI2, /RESET, /CAS, /DTACK, RW) into the instant search bar to jump straight to matching ICs.

  3. 3
    Toggle Bus Overlays & Signal Direction Flags

    Click the bus filter pills above the package diagram to highlight only Power/GND rails, Address lines (A0–A15), Data bus pins (D0–D7), or Active-Low control strobes (/CS, /IRQ, /NMI, /WE) to prevent mis-probing adjacent pins.

  4. 4
    Probe Live Voltage Rails & Launch Scope Traces

    Click any pin on the SVG chip diagram to lock the Pin Inspector readout. Verify expected DC voltage levels with a multimeter or logic probe first, then click the attached Scope Waveform badge to compare your live oscilloscope trace against a known-good reference.

Workbench Pro-Tip

Always locate Pin 1 via the physical package notch or embossed dot before placing a probe tip. Count counter-clockwise down the left column and up the right column on DIP packages—and always clip your ground lead to the IC's own VSS/GND pin to minimize ground-loop ringing.

Critical Voltage & Hardware Trap

4116 vs. 4164 DRAM & Dual-Rail SIDs: A 4116 DRAM uses three rails (-5V Pin 1, +12V Pin 8, +5V Pin 9), whereas a 4164 uses a single +5V rail on Pin 8. Plugging a 4164 into an unmodified 4116 socket feeds +12V into its +5V Vcc pin! Likewise, verify 6581 (+12V VDD) vs. 8580 (+9V VDD) before swapping SID chips.

Complete Smiggy Bench Tools & 36 Machine Hubs Quick-Reference Index

Every interactive utility, diagnostic reference, computer hub, and console hub documented in this manual — click any entry to launch it directly.

13 Interactive Browser Bench Tools (/bench-tools/*)

Signal & Trace Visualizer Interactive virtual oscilloscope and 8-channel logic analyzer comparing expected healthy waveforms against common hardware faults across C64, Amiga, Z80, TTL/CMOS, and RF/IR remotes with live ΔV/ΔT/f cursors. Open /bench-tools/signal-visualizer → Retro File Utilities (Wasm) Rust/WebAssembly-powered Commodore 1541 .D64 BAM and directory parser with .PRG extraction, a 6502/6510 disassembler with automatic IC pinout cross-linking, and a .BIN/.ROM patcher with CRC32 verification. Open /bench-tools/retro-file-utilities → Resistor & Capacitor Calculator Colour-band decoder for 4- and 5-band resistors with live tolerance range, plus SMD resistor and capacitor marking decoders. Open /bench-tools/resistor-capacitor-calculator → RF & Wireless Reference Filterable cards covering sub-GHz, ISM, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, infrared, NFC/RFID and mesh standards, each with a full protocol deep dive. Open /bench-tools/rf-wireless-reference → IR vs. RF Remote ID A short decision tree that identifies a remote from non-invasive checks, then hands you the bench tests that confirm the verdict. Open /bench-tools/ir-vs-rf-remote-id → Circuit Block Visualizer Click through power input, regulator, MCU, oscillator and output stages, scope any test point, then inject a fault and watch it propagate. Open /bench-tools/circuit-block-visualizer → 555 Timer & LED Calc 555 astable calculator with a real-time waveform preview, alongside an LED resistor calculator that gives the nearest E24 value and wattage. Open /bench-tools/555-timer-led-calculator → Pinout Reference Interactive SVG diagrams and 43 dedicated port pages covering retro video/SCART, power supplies, joysticks, floppy/disk buses, expansion slots, RS-232, MIDI, USB-C, RJ45 and HDMI. Open /bench-tools/connector-pinout-reference → IC Pinout Quick-Finder Searchable pinout library for 74 retro CPUs, custom video/sound chips, DRAM/SRAM and 74/4000-series logic ICs, filterable by Machine Hub with colour-coded DIP/PLCC diagrams. Open /bench-tools/ic-pinout-finder → Ohm's Law Wheel Solve for voltage, current, resistance or power from any two known values, with the formula used shown for each result. Open /bench-tools/ohms-law-calculator → Hardware Diagnostics Choose a machine and a symptom, then follow a measurement-driven flowchart to the components most likely at fault. Open /bench-tools/hardware-diagnostics → Recap & Repair Reference Cross-checked capacitor lists by machine and board revision, filterable by family, each opening into a full recap guide. Open /bench-tools/recap-repair-reference → Substitution Guide Look up safe chip substitutions for retro DRAM, CPUs and 74-series logic, with red-flagged dangerous swaps and a logic family compatibility matrix. Open /bench-tools/substitution-guide →

36 Retro Computer & Video Game Console Machine Hubs (/hubs & /consoles)

Frequently Asked Questions — Bench Tools & Machine Hubs

Do the .D64 Visualizer, 6502 Disassembler, and ROM Patcher upload my files to a server?

No. Every utility in Retro File Utilities runs 100% client-side in your browser using a Rust core compiled to WebAssembly. Your .D64 disk images, .PRG binaries, and .BIN/.ROM dumps never leave your machine.

How do I switch between Dark, Amber Terminal, Matrix CRT, and Workbench Light themes?

Use the theme toggle button in the top navigation bar or open the System Customization Panel in the footer. All bench tools, SVG pinouts, and UI previews inherit dynamic CSS custom properties so diagrams remain high-contrast in every palette.

How do I cross-reference a dead IC on a motherboard with a safe modern replacement?

First identify your board revision in its Machine Hub, click the suspect chip to inspect its IC Pinout and scope waveforms, and then check the Retro Logic & RAM Substitution Guide for drop-in equivalents and adapter pinouts (such as 4116→4164 or 2364→27C64).

Where can I find documentation on rare controllers (like the SV-129 foot pedal or Voice Master) or donate hardware?

Rare controllers and bench hardware are showcased across Repair & Bench Notes and the Rehoming Bench. To donate faulty or spare retro kit (with free UK shipping covered and a strict never-resold promise), visit Retro Donations.

Theme Palette

Default Dark
High-contrast dark
Amber Terminal
Monochrome amber
Matrix CRT
Phosphor green
Workbench Light
Clean light mode

Audio & Display

Relay Click Sounds Web Audio API — soft mechanical clicks
CRT Scanline & Flicker Pure CSS overlay effect

System Info

Customization Panel Theme preference, audio FX, and CRT overlay settings are saved to your browser's localStorage and persist between visits. No cookies or server-side storage is used.
Keyboard Shortcuts Press Esc to close this panel. Use the header moon/sun icon to cycle themes.